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Annonaceous acetogeninsAnnonaceous acetogenins are powerful phytochemicals found in the Graviola plant which has a long and rich rich history of use in herbal medicine as well as a long recorded indigenous use in the Amazon region. Many bioactive compounds and phytochemicals have been found in Graviola as scientists have been studying its properties since the 1940's. Its many uses in natural medicine has been validated by this scientific research. The earliest studies were between 1941 and 1962. Several studies over the years have demonstrated that leaf, bark, root, stem and seed extracts of Graviola are antibacterial in vitro against numerous pathogens and that the bark has antifungal properties. Graviola seeds demonstrated active antiparasitic properties in a 1991 study, and a leaf extract showed to be active against malaria in two other studies in 1990 and 1993. In an 1976 plant screening program by the National Cancer Institute, the leaves and stem of Graviola showed active cytotoxicity against cancer cells and researchers have been following up on this research ever since. Much of the research on Graviola focuses on a novel set of phytochemicals called annonaceous acetogenins. Mode of action studies in three separate laboratories have recently determined that acetogenins are superb inhibitors of Complex I in mitochondrial electron transport systems from several organisms including tumors. Research on various Annona species of plants has yielded many extremely potent acetogenins. Active compounds from Graviola and other Annona plants have been submitted to the NIH anti-AIDS screen by Purdue University and their work is continuing with a number of other active plant species in the Annona plant family. IMMUPRO™ contains 600 mg of Graviola powder. Three separate research groups have isolated novel compounds in the seeds and leaves of Graviola which have demonstrated significant anti-tumorous, anticancerous and selective toxicity against various types of cancer cells, publishing 8 clinical studies on their findings. One study demonstrated that an acetogenin in Graviola was selectively cytotoxic to colon adenocarcinoma cells in which it was 10,000 times the potency of adriamycin (a chemotherapy drug). Click the links below for further research on Graviola
Chang
FR, Wu YC. Oberlies
NH, Croy VL, Harrison ML, McLaughlin JL. Kim
GS, Zeng L, Alali F, Rogers LL, Wu FE, McLaughlin JL, Sastrodihardjo S. Sasaki
S, Maruta K, Naito H, Maemura R, Kawahara E, Maeda M. Oberlies
NH, Chang CJ, McLaughlin JL. Woo
MH, Chung SO, Kim DH. Yao
ZJ, Wu HP, Wu YL. Alali
FQ, Liu XX, McLaughlin JL. Padma
P, Pramod NP, Thyagarajan SP, Khosa RL. Zhou
GX, Zhou LE, Chen RY, Yu DQ. Oberlies
NH, Jones JL, Corbett TH, Fotopoulos SS, McLaughlin JL. Wu
FE, Zhao GX, Zeng L, Zhang Y, Schwedler JT, McLaughlin JL, Sastrodihardjo S. Wu
FE, Zeng L, Gu ZM, Zhao GX, Zhang Y, Schwedler JT, McLaughlin JL, Sastrodihardjo S.
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